The larger and heavier vehicles are the most difficult are to be able to move with batteries, especially due to their additional weight, their autonomy, and their recharging time.
For a small truck with not very long distances, batteries could be a viable option. But for a truck with long distances, the hydrogen alternative seems more viable.
Mercedes (one of the largest truck manufacturers in the world) recently announced tests carried out with a truck powered by hydrogen cells that has transported a big load more than 1,000 km away. Which gives us an idea of the viability of this propulsion system for large trucks.
There are other large manufacturers working on this issue (DAF, Toyota, etc...) and they have some prototypes rolling on the roads, but they are still very far from being a viable alternative in the short term, especially due to the difficulty of supplying hydrogen in the service stations.
But this is changing, and it may change quickly. Hydrogen trucks do not pollute, make very little noise, and are more efficient than diesel trucks so they can reduce operating costs.
Today they are much more expensive, but their costs will decrease as their manufacturing increases. Additionally, hydrogen truck technology is evolving rapidly. And consequently, hydrogen truck costs are decreasing and hydrogen refueling infrastructure is growing.
Hydrogen trucks are recharged at hydrogen refueling stations. Hydrogen refueling stations use compressors to compress hydrogen at high pressure. The hydrogen is stored in high-pressure tanks and the truck can be refueled in a few minutes.
The evolution of hydrogen truck technology and the development of hydrogen refueling infrastructure could make hydrogen trucks a viable option for heavy goods transportation in the not-too-distant future.
As always, time will tell.
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