It seems clear that for transport that requires moving a lot of weight (trains, ships, etc…) hydrogen is one of the appropriate fuels to be able to carry out such transport without generating pollution.
It has recently been announced that in Germany (in Lower Saxony) they are going to use a fleet of 14 hydrogen-powered trains to connect several cities with a separation of 100 km between them. Until now, these transports were carried out with diesel locomotives, and it will not be so in the near future.
The train carries hydrogen in its tanks, and absorbs oxygen from the air to produce electricity through fuel cells installed on the roof, and generate the movement of electric motors, producing water as waste. In other words, without polluting the environment.
They began to carry out tests with hydrogen in 2018, and now they have decided to start using it in all the trains. Which seems like a positive decision in the face of the energy emergency we are facing.
I think this is a small step in the right direction, because in Germany alone there are more than 2,500 diesel locomotives, and in all of Europe there are a total of tens of thousands, since the tracks with electricity installation do not reach half of the total.
One of the "problems" is that there is still very little hydrogen available, and today it is a scarce fuel. In addition, most of today's hydrogen is not completely "green", and is obtained from natural gas, so it is not entirely sustainable.
But I think that is better than continuing to burn diesel. Green hydrogen from electrolysis will take time to arrive, and the more it is used as fuel, the sooner it will arrive. It is a matter of time and changing our consumption habits.
These trains have been manufactured by Alsthom (a French company), and it has other orders in its portfolio for other train lines. Siemens (another train manufacturer) is somewhat behind, but announces that it will have hydrogen-powered trains in 2024.
Changing the trains involves a great economic effort, both in investments and in the hydrogen supply chain (there are contacts with different countries), but in the long term it is less expensive than not changing them.
With the sword of Damocles that we have over our heads in charge of climate change, sustainability is a “must” that we have to implement as soon as possible.
The future of our children and grandchildren depends on it. Although I think we are already quite late and too slow.
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